Teething symptoms in children with congenital Zika syndrome: A 2-year follow-up

Background: The eruption of primary teeth represents a stage of many challenges for parents.

Aim: To investigate the occurrence of signs and symptoms related to the eruption of the primary dentition in children with congenital Zika syndrome.

Design: Longitudinal study developed with 79 children followed up for a period of 24 months. Data on sex, gestational age, low birthweight, microcephaly, signs and symptoms related to the dental eruption phase, and use and type of medication were collected. Data were presented by descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-square test).

Results: The majority (94.9%) exhibited simultaneously two or more signs and symptoms related to dental eruption. Increased salivation (91.1%), irritability (86.1%), and gingival itching (83.5%) were the most commonly reported signs and symptoms. Bivariate analysis showed association between elevation of body temperature and sex (P < 0.05). Almost two-thirds of mothers (63.3%) reported using medication to relieve symptoms presented by the child; however, the use of topical medication prevailed (57.1%).

Conclusion: All children with congenital Zika syndrome presented manifestations related to the eruption of primary teeth, with increased salivation, irritability, and gingival pruritus. The use of ointments and gels was the option of mothers in the treatment of the oral discomfort presented by infants.