Nasosorption as a Minimally Invasive Sampling Procedure: Mucosal Viral Load and Inflammation in Primary RSV Bronchiolitis

J Infect Dis. 2017 Apr 15;215(8):1240-1244. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix150.

Abstract

Background: Existing respiratory mucosal sampling methods are flawed, particularly in a pediatric bronchiolitis setting.

Methods: Twenty-four infants with bronchiolitis were recruited: 12 were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-positive, 12 were RSV-negative. Infants were sampled by nasosorption and nasopharyngeal aspiration (NPA).

Results: Nasosorption was well tolerated and identified all RSV+ samples. RSV load measured by nasosorption (but not NPA) correlated with length of hospital stay (P = .04) and requirement for mechanical ventilation (P = .03). Nasosorption (but not NPA) levels of interferon γ, interleukin 1β, CCL5/RANTES, and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were elevated in RSV+ bronchiolitis (all P < .05), furthermore CCL5 and IL-10 correlated with RSV load (P < .05).

Conclusions: Nasosorption allowed measurement of RSV load and the mucosal inflammatory response in infants.

Keywords: bronchiolitis; nasosorption; respiratory sampling.; respiratory syncytial virus; viral load.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bronchiolitis, Viral / diagnosis*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Chemokine CCL5 / analysis
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Inflammation / virology*
  • Interferon-gamma / analysis
  • Interleukins / analysis
  • London
  • Male
  • Nasal Mucosa / immunology*
  • Nasal Mucosa / virology
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / diagnosis*
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / virology
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human
  • Viral Load / methods*

Substances

  • CCL5 protein, human
  • Chemokine CCL5
  • IFNG protein, human
  • Interleukins
  • Interferon-gamma